From the end of the XIX century in Europe the process of demolition of the walls surrounding cities was initiated, motivated by the expansion of urban centers, the walls’ inefficacy to defend against modern artillery, and their supposed public health risks. America followed the European example and, the same as Cartagena, demolished the curtains of its great urban areas. The Heroic City, because of its limited economic resources, did not carry out the total destruction of its walls and bulwarks and, therefore, a large part are still in existence. During those four decades, they eliminated:
